Originally this was a sub-district named Sirpur-Tandur which was created in A.D. 1872 with Edlabad (Adilabad), Rajura and Sirpur as its constituent talukas. In 1905, an independent district with headquarters at Adilabad was formed.
Adilabad is the second largest district in the Telangana Region.
The district is currently a part of the Red Corridor.
The district is situated on the northern boundary of Andhra Pradesh, forming a border with the Yeotmal and Chandrapur districts of Maharashtra on the north, east and western borders and Nizamabad and Karimnagar districts of Andhra Pradesh on the southern border.The water sources to this district are Kadem Project at Lakkipet, Vattivagu Project on Vattivagu, Satnalavagu project on Rallavagu and Chelamalavagu project on Chelamalavagu at Ekkapally village. Pochampadu Reservoir on river Godavari caters the water supply to the farm fields. Adilabad, Nirmal, Bellampalli, Mandamarri, Sirpur, Mancheryal, Lakshettipeta. are main towns.
The District is occupied with 50% of Forest area, and hosts Three wild life sanctuaries; Pranahita is famous for Tigers, Jaguars, Deer and different Birds, Shivaram is famous for Crocodiles, Monkeys, Foxes and Spotted deer, Kawal is famous for Tigers, Jaguars, Deer's and Panthers. The mineral Wealth found in this district is Coal, Hematite.
The Bamboo's from the forest feeds the Sirpur paper mill at Sirpur Khaghaz Nagar, which was established in 1938. World Famous Nirmal Paintings and Toys, and Bell Metal Craft are the handicrafts of this District. The temple of Goddess Saraswathi, the one and only temple of this deity in South India, located at Basar is a famous pilgrim place .
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